李可然1,王東亮1,鄧磊1,金俊松 1,龔攀1,王新云 1
(1.華中科技大學材料與科學學院,材料成形與模具技術國家重點實驗室,武漢430074)
摘 要: 高熵合金由于其獨特的多主元原子組成,具有與一般合金不同的微觀結構和優異性能,是一種優良的結構工程材料。研究發現,不同于傳統合金材料,隨著溫度的降低,高熵合金普遍保持優良的物理力學性能,部分性能得到了提高,這使得高熵合金成為一種潛在的低溫材料,應用于極端低溫環境中。低溫處理作為熱處理的延伸,在鋼鐵和有色金屬中獲得了廣泛應用,近期研究發現低溫處理對高熵合金同樣具有效果。本文綜述了高熵合金低溫條件下的物理與力學性能變化,深冷處理及結合熱處理和加工工藝的低溫處理對高熵合金性能的影響,總結了高熵合金低溫下獲得優異性能的原理,及低溫處理對高熵合金組織結構的影響,并展望了今后高熵合金低溫研究的主要方向。
關鍵字: 高熵合金;低溫;物理性能;力學性能;低溫處理
Influence of low temperature on properties of high entropy alloys
LI Ke-ran1, WANG Dong-liang1, DENG Lei1, JIN Jun-song1, GONG Pan1, WANG Xin-yun1
(1. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China)
Abstract:Because of its multi-principal component atomic composition, high entropy alloys have the potential to be used as structural engineering materials.High entropy alloys have different microstructure and excellent properties from general alloys. With the decrease of temperature, high entropy alloys generally maintain excellent physical and mechanical properties, some of which have been improved, which indicating that high entropy alloys can be used as a potential low temperature material in extreme environments such as polar research and space environment. As an extension of heat treatment, low temperature treatment is widely used in steel and nonferrous metal. Recent studies have found that low temperature treatment is also effective for high entropy alloys. This paper summarizes the changes of physical and mechanical properties of high entropy alloys at low temperatures. It reveals the effects of cryogenic treatment and cryogenic treatment combined with heat treatment and processing on the properties of high entropy alloys. The principle of obtaining excellent properties of high entropy alloys at low temperature and the effect of low temperature treatment on the microstructure of high entropy alloys are summarized.
Key words: high entropy alloy; low temperature; physical property; mechanical property; low temperat